Groves+-+Algae+Air+Force


 * Contention One: Inherency**

Air Force News Today 08, (4-25-08, Global Security.org, http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2008/04/mil-080425-afpn05.htm) Secretary of the Air Force … our carbon footprint.
 * A. The Air Force is dependent on pure petroleum based jet fuel- it’s looking at alternatives, but there haven’t been perfect solution**s

Hodge 08 (Nick Hodge, “The Only Biofuel that Can Take on Oil”, Green Chip Stocks, Angel Publishing LLC, 7/1/08,http://www.greenchipstocks.com/articles/investing-algae-biofuel/253) There have been … lock and key.
 * B. Algae biofuel investment has been limited- companies as a result have been hoarding tech**

Scenario 1: Conflict Abroad The USAF is the largest consumer of energy in the DOD- oil prices are pushing the budget to the limit and are forcing cutbacks that threaten Air Power, even during peacetime.** Schanz 07 (Marc V. Schanz, Associate Editor, Air Force Magazine Online, June 2007,https://www.airforcememorial.org/magazine/June2007/0607fuel.ASP) The Air Force … is under scrutiny.
 * Contention Two: Air Power- The Wild Blue Yonder

1. Fuel costs are forcing drastic reductions in flight training, directly crashing air readiness. Alternative training like simulators fails to have the same effect- only in-flight training works** Schanz 07 (Marc V. Schanz, Associate Editor, Air Force Magazine Online, June 2007,https://www.airforcememorial.org/magazine/June2007/0607fuel.ASP) In September 2005 … lower combat readiness.
 * B. Three independent internal links to Air Force Power Projection:

Spinetta 06 (Lawerence Spinetta, “Fuel hedging: lessons from the airlines”, Air Force Journal of Logistics, Fall 2006,http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IBO/is_3_30/ai_n27099563) The Air Force … of actual costs (see Figure 2).
 * 2. Oil price fluctuations are especially dangerous for the USAF- a drastic change forces trade offs in established budgets for force modernization, and Pentagon forecasts are wildly inaccurate**

Danigole 07 (Mark S. Danigole, Lieutenant Colonel of the USAF, “Biofuels: An Alternative to U.S. Air Force Petroleum Fuel Dependency”, Air University, 12/07, http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA474843&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf) The Air Force … growing U.S. requirements.
 * 3. Further, the total dependency of the Air Force on foreign petroleum creates a dangerous vulnerability that threatens air power projection**

Kak 01 (Kapil Kak, Former Deputy Director of IDSA, “A Century of Air Power: Lessons and Pointers”, Strategic Analysis: A Monthly Journal of the IDSA, 03/01. Ciao-Net) While joint combat … and defence strategy.
 * C. Strong air power is uniquely key to U.S. air deterrence capability- airplanes move quickly and have supreme power over other forces**

First, is the middle east 1. Air deterrence is critical to prevent WMD conflicts in the Middle East and hotspots in Asia- it’s speed and diversity are key** Khalilzad and Lesser 98 ([Zalmay and Ian, Senior Researchers at RAND, “Sources of Conflict in the 21st Century”,http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR897/MR897.chap3.pdf}) The first key … already broken out.
 * D. This has 2 independent impacts:

Steinbach, 02 (John Steinbach, Hiroshima/Nagasaki Peace Committee, March 2002,http://www.wagingpeace.org/articles/02.03/0331steinbachisraeli.htm) Meanwhile, the existence … a world conflagration." (44).
 * 2. Mid-East conflict will go nuclear**


 * Next, is China**

Wu 06 (Jaushieh Joseph Wu, chairman of Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council, Q & A with National Journal Correspondant James Kittfield, 9-16-2006, Ebsco ) NJ: Is it fair … good cross-strait relations.
 * 1. China is rapidly increasing it military aggression against Taiwan by building up its military arsenal**

Dunlap 06 (Maj. Gen. Charles J. Dunlap Jr., September 2006, “America's asymmetric advantage,” Armed Forces Journal, lexis) While it will … is at risk.
 * 2. Increasing United States air power capabilities will effectively deter China from attacking Taiwan**

The Straits Times 2k (The Straits Times, June 25, 2000 (Regional Fallout: No One Gains in War Over Taiwan. Straits Times. Lexis ) THE high-intensity scenario … destruction of civilisation.
 * 3. China/Taiwan Conflict draws in the United States and results in a global nuclear conflict**

A. Air power deters genocide.** Roux 02 (LN Major General, Head of Defense Sector Programme-Institute for Security Studies, Air Power in Post 9/11 Africa, 9-20,http://www.issafrica.org/pubs/Other/PierreVRyn04/LeRoux.htm IN the fourth… accurately and effectively
 * Scenario 2: The Spread of Evil

Lang 85 (Berel, Prof. Philosophy, The Philosophical Forum, vol. XVI, #1-2 Winder 84/85) A number of… larger corporate act.
 * B. Genocide is the ultimate evil- collective culpability multiplies its moral enormity.**

ProjectArcix, a global, cooperative effort to address disaster management and response, ‘6 (Genocide: Consequences, http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01412/lite/syntheticdisasters/genocide/consequences.html) Genocide is …more powerful weapons
 * C. Genocide kills more people than war, results in the collapse of all morality, and makes war inevitable.**

A. High jet fuel prices are forcing airlines to cut routes and raise fares- they’re on the brink of total collapse** Gates 08 (Dominic Gates, Seattle Times Aerospace Reporter, “At Farnborough Air Show, gloom amid the glamour”, Seattle Times Online, 7/13/08, http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2008048649_farnborough13.html) But the glamour … cut carbon emissions.
 * Contention Three: Airlines- The Not So Friendly Skies

Marsh 08 (Sarah Marsh, “Airline crisis boosts biofuel drive”, USA Today Online, 7/17/08, http://www.usatoday.com/travel/flights/2008-07-17-airlines-biofuel_N.htm?csp=34) FARNBOROUGH, England — Algae and nuts …term," Adams said.
 * B. As fuel costs rise, synthetic fuels will become the solution to airline fuel costs, making the industry profitable again, though further development needs to take place**

Mitchell and Cordle 08 ([Kevin Mitchell and Vaughn Cordle, “Oil Prices and the Looming Aviation Industry Catastrophe: A Hole In The Transport Grid”, Businesa Travel Coalition and Airline Forecasts, LLC. 7/13/08http://businesstravelcoalition.com/campaigns/consolidation/airline_crisis_report.pdf) With airlines gravely …economy depends upon.
 * C. A healthy airline industry is critical to the entire the U.S. economy**

Witzche 02(Rolf A. F. Witzsche Economic and Political Researcher and Analyst “Why is the World-Financial and Economic System Crashing? Jan 2002 http://www.rolf-witzsche.com/peace/crash/index.html] MP) The currently outstanding … time to come.
 * D. Collapse of the U.S. economy causes extinction**

The United States federal government should offer research and development incentives to fuel developers to develop an algal biofuel compatible with current aircrafts, and capable of being combined with traditional jet fuel to provide a synthetic jet fuel to the United States Air Force. We’ll clarify.
 * Thus we offer the following plan:**


 * Contention Four: Solvency**

Carlsen 06 (Clifford Carlsen, CNET News Writer, “Want alternative energy? Try pond scum”, 12/27/06. Published at Grease Works,http://www.greaseworks.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=308&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0Originally Published at CNET News, Originally Published at CNET News http://news.cnet.com/Want-alternative-energy-Try-pond-scum/2100-11386_3-6145197.html) Briggs estimates that … or rotate crops."
 * A. Government incentives for the development of algal biofuel will spur its viability and private investment will follow**

Danigole 07 (Mark S. Danigole, Lieutenant Colonel of the USAF, “Biofuels: An Alternative to U.S. Air Force Petroleum Fuel Dependency”, Air University, 12/07, http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA474843&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf) By comparing the … to operating costs.
 * B. Algae is the only suitable biomass to be blended- all other biomass either fails to meet the BTU requirement or is incapable of handling temperature extreme**s

Robert Wall, “Fueling an Industry”, Aviation Week, 4/24/08, http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs/defense/index.jsp?plckController=Blog&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&plckPostId=Blog%3A27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post%3A8ada700e-6652-4ada-b882-62d175de60ce) Synthetic fuel trials … fuel refining capacity.
 * C. The synthetic fuel industry only gets off the ground and becomes sustainable if the USFG incentivizes and funds it- the USAF wants to, but lacks the authorization to do so**

Wynne 07 (Michael W. Wynne is the 21st secretary of the Air Force, 1/27/2007, Michael Wynne: Flying out in front http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/opinion/viewpoints/stories/DN-wynne_27edi.ART.State.Edition1.29d4e93.html) If "war is … of alternative energy.
 * D. Air Force procurement key – largest fuel demand uniquely influences policy implementation.**