WB+-+Brazil+Ethanol

__ ** Contention One: Inherency ** __ Monte **Reel** is a Staff Writer for the Washington Post Foreign Service, 2/7/ **07** , “U.S. Seeks Partnership With Brazil on Ethanol; Countering Oil-Rich Venezuela Is Part of Aim”, L/N The **U**nited **S **tates ....New York Harbor."
 * U.S. is implementing a 54 cent per gallon tariff on Brazilian sugar ethanol in the status quo **

Carin **Zissis ** Yet **Obama**’s praise .... the campaign trail.
 * Tariff will be continued in Obama’s presidency **
 * Americas Society, 11-10-**08**,** [|**http://www.as-coa.org/article.php?id=1335**]

Plan: The United States federal government should remove import tariffs on sugarcane ethanol.

**__Contention Two: Advantage 1 - Chavez __** **Reuters**, 11/7/ **08** (Frank Jack Daniel, “Chavez tension with U.S. to remain despite Obama win”, 2008, http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE4A655620081107 , date accessed: 11/13/08) With the passing of ...Obama this week.
 * Chavez continues to expand his sphere of influence and undermine the U.S. despite election results. **

Gordon **Frisch**, Research Editor/Geopolitical Analyst for International Harry Schultz Letter, the world's premier international investment, financial, geopolitical newsletter with subscribers in 71 countries, “Commentary on Global Issues,” 3/ **05**  , http://www.jrnyquist.com/frisch_2005_0305.htm)  In today’s global ...**attack the U.S.**
 * Chavez is using his influence to support terrorists around the world to attack the U.S.**

Chavez is helping terrorists create nuclear weapons and is a key supporter of various terrorist groups The Trumpet, 4-3- 08, http://www.thetrumpet.com/?q=4997.3271.0.0 (Huang) Reports say the ....about impending storms. Terrorism against the U.S. destroys the world – it collapses the economy and triggers nuclear war with Russia, China and North Korea Jerome  Corsi  , PhD from Harvard, 20   05   , Atomic Iran, 176-178 In the span ...<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'ヒラギノ角ゴ Pro W3'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">of exacting revenge. Terrorism leads to extinction Mohamed Sid-Ahmed, political analyst for the ‘Al-Ahram’ newspaper, Fall ’04  , “Extinction!”, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htm <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">A nuclear attack ... <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">all be losers **<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">. **

**Chesney 97**  [Robert, Law Clerk to the Hon. Lewis A. Kaplan, Harvard Law School, Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Journal, November]
 * Nuclear terrorism is real and an attack will destroy the U.S. Preventing it should be priority in policy making. Magnitude of human suffering outweighs all other calculations.**

<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">**The horrible truth ...<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">other policy considerations.

**

US is using corn to make ethanol in the status quo. Reliance on corn-based biofuels is driving up food prices globally Lester  Brown   is Founder and President of Earth Policy and Worldwatch Institutes and winner of the UN Environment Prize and World Wide Fund for Nature Gold Medal, “Distillery Demand for Grain to Fuel Cars Vastly Understated,” Earth Policy Institute, 1/4/20   07. http://www.earth-policy.org/Updates/2007/Update63.htm Investment in fuel ...<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">500 as well

Food prices increases cause global poverty and food insecurity, and starvation for 2.7 billion people C. Ford Runge, Professor of Applied Economics at the University of Minnesota and fellow at the Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, and    Benjamin Senauer  , Ph.D. and Professor of Applied Economics at the University of Minnesota and former Co-Director of The Food Industry Center, May/June ’ 07  , “How Biofuels Could Starve the Poor,” Foreign Affairs Magazine, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20070501faessay86305/c-ford-runge-benjamin-senauer/how-biofuels-could-starve-the-poor.html <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The industry's growth ... <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">and food security <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">.

Loss of food security causes global instability, wars, billions of deaths, and risks extinction Winnail, 19 96  (Douglas S., Ph. D., M.P.H., September-October, On The Horizon: Famine, http://www.kurtsaxon.com/foods004.htm ) <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">What is seldom...would be possible <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">

High food prices create poverty Lynne Carolan, Senior Sophister – Trinity College of Dublin, ’06  , “Development NGOs and the Liberalisation of Agricultural Policies”, Student Economic Review, 20, http://www.tcd.ie/Economics/SER/sql/download.php?key=36

**To begin with...food import bill**

** ReliefWeb 5-14 (“** Somalia Food Security Alert 14 May 2008 - Rising food prices, deepening drought push 2.6 million into crisis”, http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/EDIS-7EMPK2?OpenDocument)
 * Rising food prices and droughts are making it impossible for Somalians to get food. **

**If action is not taken, 3.5 million Somalis will starve in less than a year.** **Reuters 5-19-08** (“Drought, food prices threaten millions of Somalis – UN” http://africa.reuters.com/top/news/usnBAN953741.html )

James **Gilligan**, professor of Psychiatry at the Harvard Medical School, Director of the Center for the Study of Violence, and a member of the Academic Advisory Council of the National Campaign Against Youth Violence, ‘ **96**  ,   Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and its Causes, p. 196 **Solvency**
 * Poverty is the deadliest form of structural violence – it’s worse than nuclear war and is the root cause of all other violence **

Raúl **Zibechi**, member of the Editorial Council of the weekly Brecha de Montevideo, a professor and investigator of social movements at the Multiversidad Franciscana de América Latina, and an adviser to various social groups, 3-7- **07**  , http://americas.irc-online.osrg/am/4051 [Huang]
 * U.S. alliance with Brazil on ethanol will directly counter Chavez’s influence**

Ariel **Cohen**, Senior Research Fellow in Russian and Eurasian Studies and International Energy Security in the Douglas and Sarah Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies, 3/20/ **07**  , “http://www.heritage.org/Research/energyandenvironment/wm1401.cfm
 * U.S. cooperation with Brazil will spill over to South America, allowing US to establish regional relations, checking back Chavez**

William **Ratliff** is a research fellow and curator of the Americas Collection at the Hoover Institution. He is also a research fellow of the Independent Institute. An expert on Latin America, China, and U.S. foreign policy, he has written extensively on how traditional cultures and institutions influence current conditions and on prospects for economic and political development in East/Southeast Asia and Latin America, 20 **07**, “Hectored by Hugo”, http://www.hoover.org/publications/digest/8119312.html
 * Plan is crucial to solving Brazilian regional dominance which stabilizes Latin America and stops Chavez**

Jeff **Benjamin**, Senior Editor at Investment News, 5-12-**08**, http://www.investmentnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080512/REG/796826254 [JJH] **Marinis** —20 **08**  (Alexandre Marinis is a Staff Writer for the Bloomberg News and The Tampa Tribune, “Ethanol Pales In Comparison To Brazilian Sugar Cane Fuel”, 5/28/08, http://www2.tbo.com/content/2008/may/28/bz-ethanol-pales-in-comparison-to-brazilian-sugar-/ ) **Brazil ethanol is a clean alternative energy. Tariff removal is key to incentivizing American consumers** James **Hoare**, “Jeb Bush Urges End to Ethanol Tariff,” 8-1- **06**  , http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=19470 [JJH]
 * Brazilian sugar ethanol will solve increasing food prices by trading off with corn ethanol**
 * Increasing sugar ethanol production doesn’t raise food prices – empirically proven**

Dennis ** Avery **, director of the Center for Global Food Issues at the Hudson Institute, food policy analyst for 30 years, on National Advisory Commission of Food and Fiber, senior agricultural analyst for the U.S. Department of State, 7-1- ** 06 ** , http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=19333 [JJH] Carmen ** Gentile **, freelance journalist, regular World Politics Review contributor, writer for The Washington Times, The Boston Globe, and United Press International, 7-11- ** 08 ** , http://www.upi.com/Energy_Resources/2008/06/11/Analysis_Brazils_leader_defends_ethanol/UPI-82481213204960/ [JJH]
 * Brazil can substantially increase land for ethanol production without loss of biodiversity **
 * Increasing ethanol production won’t destroy the Amazon, increase slavery, or hurt food production. **

Sry not yet completely updated