Dexter+-+Katrina

**Corporate interest has lead to the rebuilding of New Orleans in a manner that prioritizes profit at the expense of the environment and poor despite the accessibility of green building opportunities.** **__Karliner 5__** (September 12th, 2005 (Joshua, Founding director of the Green Schools Initiative, is now the International Team Coordinator for Health Care without Harm “Hurricane Katrina and Climate Justice” [|http://www.corpwatch.org/ article.php?id=12629]) As the 21st century unfolds, the ravages of global warming will only increase. ……….President Bush and his far-right administration have "studied" the problem enough. Katrina and the devastation she wreaked clearly demonstrate the need to take serious action on climate change. Unless he changes course drastically, history will mark George W. Bush for time immemorial as GW, the Global Warming president.  **And thus the plan:**  **The United States federal government should impose impact fees on land development to encourage the development of infrastructure utilizing alternative energy in areas affected by Hurricane Katrina.** **Contention 2: Biopower** **Hurricane Katrina resulted in the destruction of social institutions, taking away the power of the black poor to be able to provide for their central needs reducing them to bare life.** **__Lukes 06__** (Steven, Professor of sociology at New York University. “Questions About Power: Lessons from the Louisiana Hurricane” June 11th 2006 [|__http://understandingkatrina. ssrc.org/lukes/__] ) What questions about power are posed by Katrina and its aftermath, including in the latter the continuing debate over its interpretation……….. __What began to appear__ for a brief period until social institutions began to re-acquire their grip __was what__ Giorgio __Agamben has called ‘bare life’—the powerlessness to live social lives fit for human beings.__ **In Bare Life Those who the Sovereign decide do not have the legal right of citizen also do not have the natural right of the human. This is best seen in Nazi Germany where an eclipse of politics occurred, closing off space between law and life so that human resistance was not possible.** **__Ranciere__** 20 **__04__** (Jacques, philosophy at the University of Paris VIII, The South Atlantic Quarterly, Who is the Subject of the Rights of Man?, P297-310) This analysis, articulated more than fifty years ago, seems tailor-made, fifty years later, to fit the new ‘‘perplexities’’ of the Rights of Man on the ‘‘humanitarian’’ stage. ………Any difference grows faint between democracy and totalitarianism and any political practice proves to be already ensnared in the biopolitical trap. **Contention 3 – The global order** **The act of questioning the grounding principals of the state of exception and biopower through the plan stops the ever looming global state of exception and biopolitical order.** **__Agamben__** in 19 **__98__** Homo Sacer, p. 37-38 Insofar as it is sovereign, the nomos is necessarily connected with both the state of nature and the state of exception……….. __Political organization is not regressing toward outdated forms; rather, premonitory events are, like bloody masses, announcing the new nomos of the earth, which (if its grounding principle is not called into question) will soon extend itself over the entire planet__ __.__ **Global human suffering springs from global orderings** **__Nayar__**, Professor in the School of Law at the University of Warwick, 19 **__99__** [Jayan, “Orders of Inhumanity,” Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems, Fall, p. L/N Contrary to assumptions of a lack of order and non-inclusion, many of the “conditions” of human suffering that justify developmental interventions result from a very considerable amount of ordering and forced inclusion ………. It is true, for there is no native who does not dream at least once a day of setting himself up in the settler’s place. <=26> n25 **Only by recognizing that our ability to solve injustice is limited can we recognize where we are truly able to create radical change, in our local communities. Otherwise, we will be giving band-aids to gunshot victims, trapped in a cycle of outrage and disappointment that allows the system of global violence to reproduce itself.** **__Rahnema__**, visiting professor at the American University of Paris, 19 **__97__** [Majid, The Post-Development Reader ED. Majid Rahnema and Victoria Bawtree p.392-394] **Contention 4: Standpoint** **Our interrogation of the events before and after Hurricane Katrina should not be limited to the discussion of geopolitical implications. The question of if we should act should be evaluated through the standpoint of the victims of Hurricane Katrina.** **Understanding the standpoint of the marginalized in specific contexts like the victims of hurricane Katrina is necessary to break down systems that produce oppressive universal understandings of reality.** **__Lenz 04__** (Brooke, Assistant Professor of English at Saint Mary's University of Minnesota "Postcolonial Fiction and the Outsider Within: Toward a Literary Practice of Feminist Standpoint Theory" NWSA Journal, 2004, pp. 98-100) Feminist standpoint theory has undergone a number of theoretical and epistemological permutations since Nancy Hartsock first named and defined it in 1983, and it continues to provoke discussion among feminist theorists…………Feminist __standpoint__ theory __defines knowledge as particular rather than universal__; it jettisons the neutral observer of modernist epistemology; it defines subjects as constructed by relational forces rather than as transcendent. . . . The new paradigm of knowledge of which feminist standpoint theory is a part involves rejecting the definition of knowledge and truth as either universal or relative in favor of a conception of all knowledge as situated and discursive. **The Whatever Being is not penetrated by Bio-Political means.** **__Swiffen__**, 20 **__07__**. (Amy, University of Alberta, “Being In and After Sovereignty: Giorgio Agamben’s Coming Community”, p. 1.) In this paper, I read Giorgio Agamben’s Coming Community (1993) in light of his writing on political sovereignty and bare life (1998, 2005). __………__The political implications of the emerging homology between the sovereign subject (qualified life/bare life) and the split subject in general, suggest that while it may not be possible to conceive a political landscape without sovereignty, there may indeed be one conceivable after sovereignty. **Contention 5: Solvency** **First, Impact fees are the best way to encourage green building** **__Kinsley 08__** Benjamin S. Kingsley NOTE: MAKING IT EASY TO BE GREEN: USNG IMPACT FEES TO ENCOURAGE GREEN BUILDING. Copyright (c) 2008 New York University Law Review New York University Law Review May, 2008 83 N.Y.U.L. Rev. 532Bottom of Form Green buildings - those designed to minimize environmental impact and resource use provide a cost-effective choice for developers and policymakers looking to reduce the negative environmental effects of development………. __Through this program, local governments could create extremely effective policy incentives for green building__ using an existing land use tool, without emptying public coffers on subsidies or requiring significant cooperation from state governments. **And, Environmental taxes are an ideal vehicle for social change by altering core economic principles** Jiirgen G. **__Backhaus__** a Universiteit Maastricht, The Netherlands Available online 26 March 19 **__99__**. "The law and economics of environmental taxation: when should the ecotax kick in" "In this essay, it is being argued that environmental taxes are fundamentally different from traditional taxes. ………Consequently, one has to identify those instances where basic choices can be taken and where decision makers face identify those basic aspects that are environmentally and ecologically important and susceptible to change as a consequence of a tax alternatives among which they can choose. **And, The federal government must play a crucial role in the specific instance of environmental taxes by proving a supervisory authority**  Jurgen G. **__Backhaus__** a Universiteit Maastricht, The Netherlands Available online 26 March 19 **__99__** **//.//** " The law and economics of environmental taxation: when should the ecotax kick in"  From the point of view of economic efficiency, here discussed against the background of implementsing either set of tax policies at a federal level of government, the following can be said……….In this sense, from a efficiency point of view__,__ __the federal level of government has a very small role to play with the traditional Pigovian scenario, a meaningful role, however, within the scenario of choice-based ecological taxation.__
 * Contention 1: Inherency**